Apparatus for measuring materials in concrete construction



Sept. 30, 1924. Re. 15,921 H. D. PALMERET AL AFFAEATU S FOR MEASURING MATERIALS 'IN CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION Original Filed-Dec. 5. i922 '4 Sheets- Sheet 1 if. D. P0101207? Johw ZZU. ETh/OZ/ @[WEQ 1..

Sept. 30, 1924. R 15,921

H. D. PALMER ET AL APPARATUS FOR MEASURING MATERIALS IN CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Dec. 5, '92

4 Sheets-Sheet 2 23 6 21 15 L f j; UF Hf L Q- l9 90 n on o H. D. PALMER ET AL APPARATUS FOR MEASURING MATERIALS I)! CONCRETBCONSTRUCTION Sept. 30, 1924. 'Re. 15,921

Original Filed Dec. 5, 192 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 am VEL 6M VEL Sept.. 30 1924. A 12 15921 H, D PALMER ET AL APPARATUS FOR MEASURING MATERIALS IN CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Deg. 5-, 1921 4 Sheet s-Sheet4 g a W i m- Reiaaued Sept. 30, 1924.

v To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that we, HERMAN D. PALMER and JOHN W. Burma, citizens of the United States, both residing at Hartford, in the county of Washington and State of Wisconsin,.have invente an Improved'Apparatus for Measuring Materials in Concrete Construction, of which the following is a specification.

The invention has particular reference to concrete construction where large quantities of materials are employed, as, for example,

in the construction of concrete roads; and the general aim of the invention is to provide an apparatus of an advantageous charater b means of which the material, such as san gravel or stone, and, if desired, cement, may-be accurately measured preliminary and incident to the operation of loading the same into vehicles for transportation to the scene of the building operation.

In a copending application, Serial No. 508,409, filed October 17, 1921, now Patent No. 1,451,106, dated April 10, 1923 there is Shown an apparatus of this general character but which is designed for use primarily in connection with bins supported directly upon the ground and usually previously constructed. The present invention has for one an object the provision of an apparatus emying as a part thereof a bin mounted upon a sub-structure through which a vehiole such as a motor truck may pass for the purpose of receiving the discharge of'mate- '35 rials'from the bin under the control of a le attendant.

* ,y the provision of such an apparatus,

. not only is the loading operation so simpli- I lied as to be ca able of control by a single at- 40 tendant, but t e material is measured with a high degree of accuracy and the time necessary to be consumed in the operation is greatly reduced.

an important object of the present inven- '46 tion is to provide an apparatus by means of discharge into measuring hoppers I which the of, the several materials to be measured, from the respective compartments of the bin containing the same, and also the re- :00 lease of the materials from all or a part of the. hoppers simultaneously into a vehicle stationed beneath them, may be accom- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE."

APPARATUS FOR MEASURING MATERIALS IN CON CBME CONSTRUCTION.

Originfl Io. 1,483,648, dated February 12, 1924, Serial No. 519,896, filed December 5, 1921. Application for reissue filed May 24, 1924. Serial No. 715,747.

plished with maximum ease and efliciency and by a single attendant.

A urther object of the invention is to provide a means ofadvantageous construction for varying the volumetric capacity of the hoppers.

A general object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which is mechanically efficient both from a manufacturing and an operative standpoint.

The objects of the invention thus generally stated, together with other and 'ancillary advantages, are attained by the construction and arrangement illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming part hereof wherein is illustrated a preferred form of the invention. It is to be understood,however, that the invention is not limited to the precise construction and arrangement here in disclosed, for it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in form, construction and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims."

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an end elevation of 'an apparatus constructed in accordancewith our invention. Fig. 2 is a side view ofthe same showing in broken lines a truck stationed beneath the measuring hoppers. Fig. 3 vation on an enlarged scale of the hoppers and the means for controllingthe flow of material thereinto and the discharge of the material therefrom. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken in the plane of line 44 of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary horizontal plan View of the apparatus with the material containingbin removed. Figs. 6 and 7 are vertical sectional views through the hopperlooking in directions at right angles to each other and showing the means for varying the volumetric capacity of the hoppers.

The apparatus comprises a bin 8 mounted upon a supporting structure or framework 9 and having a plurality of-compart-ments therein arranged to discharge into hoppers 10. 11 designates a. station or platform provided at one side of the supporting structure for the attendant, and within convenient reach of the attendant on said platform is is a fragmentary end e le- 'bolts. It thus is rendered of a a spider 12 by the operation of which the attendant controls, through suitable valve means, the-flow of the material from the various compartments of the bin 8 into the hoppers 10. Also located adjacent said platform is a controlling lever 13 by the operation of which the attendant controls, through the medium of other valve means, the dischargeof material from the hoppers into a vehicle stationed therebeneath.

The supporting structure or framework 9 may be of any suitable construction de-' signed to support a heavy load. As shown in Fig. 1, this supporting structure is provided with a central areaway 14 through which a motor? truck may pass beneath the hoppers. Preferably the parts of the framework are secured together as b means of ock-down character so that it may be disassembled and moved from place to place as desired.

The bin 8 is mounted upon the framework 9 in any suitable way, but preferably forming an integral part thereof. Herein the floor of the bin rests upon I-beams 9 carried by the framework and has discharge openings above the hoppers provided with cast liners 9 forming discharge nozzles.

bin is divided to form two compartments 8 and 8" containing gravel and sand, respectively. These compartments are arranged so that they extend throughout the length of the bin and are preferably specially constructed in accordance with the peculiar characteristics of sand and gravel to facilitate the flow thereof.

In the present instance nine hoppers are employed. Six of these hoppers communicate with the gravel compartment of the bin 8 and three with the sand compartment, this proportion being determined by the relative quantities of sandand gravel employed in the mix. 10 designate gravel hoppers and 10 designates sand hoppers. These hoppers are transversely alined and eachset or row constitutes a unit which is controlled by a single valve device as hereinafter set forth. The

vehicle body into which the materials are tobe discharged is provided with three compartments arranged from front to rear of the body, and the hoppers of the several units are arranged to discharge respectively into each of such compartments in the truck body. It will thus be seen that one unit of hoppers is provided for each compartment of the truck 'body, so that with the vehicle traveling in the direction of the arrows indicated in-Fig. 5, a batch of sand and gravel of the proper proportions may be discharged into each compartment of the body.

The discharge openings in the lower ends of the compartments 8 and 8 are normally closed by means of sliding gate valves 15, the upper ends of the hoppers being spaced This Asshown in Fig. 5, 10 andfrom the lower end of the bin for the reception of these valves. Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, the means for thus supporting the hoppers in operative relation to the discharge openings of the bin, comprises a frame for each unit which is removably secured to the supporting structure so as to be readily detachable therefrom. This frame comprises a pair of spaced members 16 arranged on opposite sides of the hoppers and secured thereto by means of hangers or brackets 16". These members 16 in turn are secured to rigid angle iron supports 16 by means of bolts16, which supports are fixed to transversely extending channel beams 9 of the framework. Upon opposite sides of each hopper there are mounted in the angle irons of the frame, rollers 16 upon which the sliding gatevalves are mounted. These valves are in the form of elongated plates having a plurality of apertures therein, one for each hopper of the unit, and at their opposite longitudinal edges said plates are provided with longitudinal bearing members 16 (Fig. 4:). It will be seen that by the construction set forth, the hoppers, the sliding gates and the supporting rollers for the gates are all carried by the frame members 16, and are therefore capable of being readily detached from the framework bysimply removing the bolts 16. This construction is advantageous in view of the fact that it frequently becomes necessary to disassemble the apparatus to facilitate its removal from v place to place as occasion requires.

The means for actuating the gate valves 15 comprises a longitudinal shaft 17 operatively connected with the plates on the one hand and with the operating spider 12 on the other hand. Each of the plates has rigid with one end a rack bar 18 with which a spur pinion 19 on the shaft 17 is adapted to mesh. Preferably the teeth on the rack bar are formed on the under side thereof so that the bar rolls over the pinion on the shaft. The latter is provided at spaced intervals throughout its length with bearings 20 secured on the top of the framework. Fast upon the shaft 17 substantially centrally thereof is a bevel gear 21 with whicha bevel pinion 22 on the inner end of a shaft 23 is arranged to mesh. 24 designates a bearing for the shaft 23. Upon the outer end of this shaft is secured the spider 12 (Fig. 1).

The pinions for the valves of two of the units, herein the two end units, are loose upon the shaft 17 while the intermediate pinion is fast on said shaft. The loose pinions are, adapted to be "connected with the shaft by means of splined clutch collars 25 controlled by means of levers 26 pivoted upon brackets 27 and operatively engaging with the collars. It will be seen that by means of these levers, either or both of the endunits may be rendered inoperative in the operation of the spider 12 to actuate the inwork. A coiled contractile spring 45 serves termediate unit. Thus the clutch devices to move normally the, roller stud 38 into the constitute means for selectively actuating the 'path of movement of the stop members 36 valvesas may be desired. The reason on the trip bars 32. y I or this construction is that it fr uently When the lever 13. is operated tomleasa 7c t omes necessary -to vary the num er of the trip bars 32 for movement, it will be batches of material to be conveyed by a sinseen that only the trip bars of the units truck. Such variation may be necessiwhich have been filled with material are y mason of the variation in the actuated, since the movement of the trip ircapabilities or capacities of the trucks enrbars depends upon the actuation of the trap 75. played or ause of road conditions over doors controlled thereby. Therefore, when which the material must be hauled. through the operation of the controlling le- 1'. uTo facilitate movement of the Valves past vers 26 either of the two end units is reni the--=gravel hoppers, the openings provided dered inoperative by reason of the sliding therefor are preferably formed with cutting gate valves remaining stationary, the corre- Y teeth 28 u on the edge opposed to the movesponding trip bars and trap doors are held ment of t e valves'in the direction to close tionary by the action of their counterthe openings at the lower ends of the hopweights when the releasable stop devices are 7 pers. The opening for the finer material, actuated by the lever 13. Accordingly, only :0 such as sand, requires no such special formathe tra doors for the loaded hoppers are tion. actuated upon the operation of the control- The lower ends of the hoppers 10 are norlin lever 13. molly closed by means of a plurality of pon the operation of the lever 13, the gates or trap doors 29 which are fast shaft 39 is rotated and the stop devices for 25 upon shafts 29" carried by the individual each of the bars 32 actuated to permit the ho pers ad'acent their lower ends and at one descent of the doors 29 and hence the re- 1 std: edge ereof. Rigid with each of these lease of the material from the hoppers. shafts is an upstan g arm 31 pivoted at its Since all of the doors are operatively assou per end to a trip bar 32 with one end of elated through the medium of the shafts 30, 30 which is connected a counterweight 33 arms 31 and trip bars 32, it will be seen that i h the medium of a chain 34 operating the release of the material from all of the I over a pulley 35. The arrangement is such loaded hoppers is simultaneously efi'ected that one trip bar is provided for each unit, through an operation of the single lever 13. l so that the arms 31 of the doors for the hop- When the material from the hoppers has 435 pers of each unit are connected to a common been discharged into a vehicle stationed trip bar. The outer end of each trip bar is therebeneaith the counterweights 33, suit-4 preferably pivotally supported by an arm 40 ably proportioned for this purpose act pivoted m a bracket- 40" carried by the through the bars 32 to restore the doors 29 ework. 'flie counterwei ht serves to to their closed position When thus closed, 3 maintain the trap doors ofeac unit of hopthe locking devices for the bars 32 act auto- 1 5 1 11: lo ed in the absence of material in the maticall to reengage the same for the next p rs. 7 "FE: the purpose of normally maintain- 11 order to permit of the ad'ustment of ing the doors closed when material is disthe doors 29 with reference to th a charged into the hoppers through the opera- 32, we provide a special construction for 11 tion of the sliding gate valves 15, we prothearms 31. Thus each of these arms is of Ti vide releasable sto devices for the several a sectional character comprising a. section trip bars 32 operab e by means of the single 31" loose upon the shaft 30 and a section 31 '1 controlling lever 13. This means conslsts fast upon the shaft and. having at its upper 5 gof a flop member 36 carried by each of the end an arcuate slot 31 through which and 3 carrying a the secti0n 31 a bolt 31' is entered. I roller- 88, is fast upon a shaft 39 which is As previously stated,- the vehicle body is gifmounted in the upper ends of the brackets divided into three compartments. In this f 40' carried by the framework. Said shaft connection reference is made to Fig. 2-, in Aw' 39 extends ap mximately throu heat the which is shown a motor truck A stationed 2 length of the -amework. The ll crank beneaththe hoppers and having a body B levers 37 are connected with the operating provided with two;transverse partitions C means ofa link 41. slidable Obviously it is frequently desirable in theguide plate 42 carried by the use of apparatus of this character, to vary and havi a limited range of the proportion of the materials entering into 12 r movement as permi by means of a pair the mix. In order that this may be accomglof pins 43 carried by the link and adapted plished conveniently, without necessitating teengage with o posite sides of the bracket. the replacement of the hoppers, we have At its lower end the lever is pivotall supprovided means (Figs. 6 and 7 adaptedto f. ported by a 44 carried by the mevary the volumetric capacities ,of the hop-Q 9 are preferably 1- This means in the present inmance comprises a. collapsible device consisting of a pair of telescoping members 48 and 49, the upper and lower ends of which respewively shaped so as not to interfere materially with the flow of material through the hopper. One of the sections, herein the upper section, is stationarily mounted upon a transverse rod 50, the opposite ends of which are mounted in the side walls of the hopper. The lower section in turn is ad-.

justably connected with the upper section and supported inthe hopper by means of a longitudinal rod 51 secured in the opposite end walls of the hopper. To provide for the adjustment of the sectionswith respect to each other, one of the sections, herein the lower section, is provided with a plurality of apertures 52 at vertically spaced intervals. o have shown in broken lines the position of. the lower or adjustable section when the capacity of the hopper is de- G I In the use of our improved apparatus, the materials to be measured and discharged are introduced into the proper compartments or the bin by any suitable conveying mechanism (not shown). Assuming that it has been determined that a batch of material is to be delivered to each of the compartments of the truck body, the attendant, stationed upon the manipulates'the levers 26 so that all of the valvemembers 15 are connected with the shaft 17. Then during the period preceding the passage of a vehicle beneath the hoppers, and followin the preceding vehicle, if such there has con, the attendant, by the manipulation of the operating. spider 12,

moves all of the gate valves 15 so that the openings therein are caused to register with the lower ends of the compartments and the upper ends of the hoppers. -The hoppers are accordingly filled to capacity, the material flowing from the bins until the hoppers are full. Thereupon the operator closes the lower ends of the bins by returning the gate valves to their initial position. The apparatus is now ready for the discharge of the materials into a vehicle bod This is accomplished almost instantaneo through the operation of the controlling lever 13, all of the doors 29 'closing' the lower ends of the hoppers being simultaneously released, Immediately upon such discharge of the materials from the hoppers, the counterweights 33 act-to restore the doors 29 to their closed position whereupon the locking devices for the trip bars automatically reengage therewith to maintain the doors against downward movement; The operator while waiting for the next which 'or truck to pass beneath the-a paratus now has ample time. to fill the hoppers from the compartments of the bin,

. any

platform 11,.

munication with the hoppers into a vehicle as previously described, for another leading operation.

' In the event that it is desired to discharge batches into one or two of the compartments only of the vehicle, the operator effects this result by manipulating the proper levers 26 so as to render the corresponding gate valves 15 inoperative. upon the operation of the lever 13 the trap doors of the loaded hoppers open under the weight of the materials and discharge into the vehicle. 1

It will be observed that the apparatus which we have thus provided simplifies exceedingly the operation of measuring discharging the materials'to'constitute the mix, or'any portion thereof, it being obvious that the apparatus may be designed-so that or all of the materials may be handled as desired. Only a single attendant is necessary for the proper control of the apparatus as compared to a relatively great number previously employed for this pur-v pose. At the same time a substantial saving of time is effected, and the measuring is accomplished automatically with a high degree of accuracy as compared to a mere guess on the part of one of the attendants as was formerly the case. Moreover, a substantial-saving is eiiected by eliminating all waste of materials, necessarily excessive with the former method of carrying on this Work.

We claim as our invention:

1. An apparatus for measuring and discharging materials in concrete construction having, in combination with a supporting structure, a bin mounted on saidstructure, a plurality of hoppers carried by said structure and having their upper ends in communication with the bin, between the bin and hoppers adapted to control the flow of materials from the bin into the hoppers, and means adapted to release the materials from the respective hoppers simultaneously into a vehicle body located therebeneath.

2. An apparatus for measuring and discharging materials in concrete construction comprising, in combination, a bin having a plurality of compartments therein, a supporting structure for the bin, a plurality of hoppers carried by said structure having their upper ends adjacent and in direct comdischarge ends of said compartments, valve means between said bin and hoppers adapted to control the flow of materials from said compartments into the hoppers, and means for'releasing simultaneously the materials from the respective body located therebeneath.

3. In an apparatusformeasuring materials in concrete construction, the combination of abin, a hopper having its open end com- Then ill)

I: iofitransvsrsely slidable valve mem each of said members, and an terials in the bin,

municating with the lower or discharge end ofthe bin, and a gate valve for controlling the flow of the material from the bin into the hopper comprising a roller-supported plate having an aperture therein, with one end of the plate,

a rackbar rigid a shaft geared to said bar, and means for operating said ihaft;

In an apparatus for measuring materials in concrete construction, the combination of a bin having a lurality of compartmerits, a plurality oi hoppers having their u per ends registering with the lower or dischargeends of the compartments, and agate valve for controlling the flow of material simultaneously from said compartments into said hoppers, said valve comprising an elongated plate having a plurality of a rtu'res therein, and means for movsai' ,pl tte. In an apparatus for measuring ma- I rials in concrete construction, the combinaof elevated bin, a plurality of measuring ho'p rs arranged in rows, and means for control ing the flow of material from said bin into said hoppers simultaneously comprisinga plurality of sliding valves interposed between the hoppers and the bin, a

shaft o'eratively connected with each of said va ves, and means for operating said shaft.

6. In anapparatus for vmeasuring materials in concrete construction, the com bination of an elevated bin, a plurality of "hoppers arranged in rows and having open on s registering with the discharge end of the bin, valve means entered between the hoppers and the bin comprising a valve member for each row of hoppers, and means for actuating said members simultaneously comprising a shaft operatively connected With each of the members and a second shaft having lfiirgt shaft and extending to one side of the 7. In an apparatus for measuring materials in concrete construction, the combination of a supporting structure, a bin carried by said'structure, hoppers arranged in rows and depending from said bin, means 1 for controlling the flow of material from the HI into the hoppers comprising a lurality rs, one said rows, a shaft geared to operating extending one side of said supstructure and having its inner end operatively connected with the first menhoned shaft.

8. In an apparatus for measuring maooncrete construction, the combination with a bin and a hopper beneath of means for controlling the flow of material from the bin to the hopper comprising a plate having a plurality of spaced to; each of Bhlit a gearing connection with the apertures therein, rollers for supporting said p ate for movement to car its apertures into and out of register wit a the adjacent openings in the bin and the hopper, a rack bar rigid with the end of said plate, a shaft having a pinion engaging wlth said bar, and means for operating said shaft.

7 9. An apparatus for measuring sand and gravel comprising, in combination, a bin, a plurality of hoppers, said bin having a sand compartment and a gravel com artment, the lower ends of which are eac adapted to register with a hopper, and means for controlling the flow of the sand and gravel from said compartments to said hoppers comprising an elongated plate having a lurality of apertures therein, and means or moving said plate, the aperture in the plate for. passing the gravel having cutting teeth at one edge thereof.

10. In an apparatus for measuring materials in concrete construction, the combination of a framework, a plurality of hoppers, means for supporting the hoppers in units of a predetermined number comprising a pair of longitudinal supporting members carried by the framework, and a pair of hopper-supporting members detachably secured to the last mentioned hoppers 11. In an apparatus for measuring materials in concrete construction, the combination of a framework, a hopper, a pair of supporting members carried by the framework, a pair of hopper-carrying members secured to said supporting members a sliding gate valve for controlling the flow of material into the hopper, and a plurality of rollers carried by said hopper-carrying members for supporting said gate valve.

12. In an apparatus for measuring mate rials in concrete construction, the combination of a hopper, means for controlling the flow of material into the hopper comprising a sliding gate valve, actuating means for said valve means comprising a shaft, a pinion loose on said shaft and having a gearing connection with the valve, a clutch sleeve splined on said shaft and movable into and out of operative engagement with said pinion, and a controlling device for said sleeve.

13. In an apparatus for measuring materials in concrete construction, the combination of a plurality of hoppers, valve devices for controlling the flow of material into said hoppers, there being one of said valve devices for a predetermined number of hoprs constituting a unit, and means for seectively operating said valvedevices.

14. In an apparatus for measuring materials in concrete construction, the combination of a plurality of hoppers, valve devices for controlling the flow of material into said hoppers there being one of said valve devices for a redetermined number of hoppers constituting a unit, means for operating said valve devices, and means for controlling the discharge of material from the hoppers, said means being normally operable to close the ends of the hoppersfand arranged to be actuated by the Weight of the material discharged into the hoppers, the last mentioned means embodying a single controlling lever for the various hoppers.

15. In an apparatus for measuring materials in concrete construction, the combination of a plurality of hoppers, valve devicesfor controlling the flow of material into said hoppers, there being one of said valve devices for a redetermined number of hoppers constituting a unit, means for operating said valve devices, a plurality of valve devices one for each of the hoppers arranged to control the flow of material therefrom, the valve devices of the several units being operable simultaneously and embodying a plurality of releasable stop devices, and a single lever for actuating all of said stop devices.

, 16. In an apparatus for measuring mate- I rials in concrete const-luction, the combination. of a plurality of hoppers arranged in sets or units, a plurality of valve devices v one. for each of said units, means for selecoppers sup orted in said structure an tively. actuating said valve devices, means normally closing the lower end of each of said hoppers, and a releasable stop device one for the hoppers of. each ofsaid units.

17. In an apparatus vfor measuring materials in concrete construction, the combination of a plurality of hoppers arranged in a row, a pair of spaced longitudinal supporting members, each of said hoppers having brackets upon its opposite sides, mem-. bers det-achably securing said brackets to said supporting members, and means for controllin the flow of material into the hoppers slidahly mounted with respect to the second mentioned members.

18. In an apparatusfor measuring materials in concrete construction, the combination of a plurality of alined hop ers, a pair oi longitudinal supporting Inem ers spaced apart upon opposite sides of the hoppers, a frame msghich said hoppers are detachably secured, id frame being connected to said supporting members, and valve means for controlling the flow of material into said hoppers also carried by said frame. p

I 19. A n apparatus for measuring and discharging materialsin concrete constru tion com rising, in combination, a bin, a suppor ng structure for the bin, a pluralifty of depending int e upper ortion thereof, a plurality of valve members for controlling the flow of material from the bin into said hops pers, a plurality of valve members tor controlling the flow of material from the hop pers into a vehicle stationed therebeneath, and separate means for operatin the two sets of-valve members, the operating means for one set of valve members being adapted to actuate them .selectively. 1 r

20. The combination with a bin divided into compartments, of means for controllably discharging material from said compartments, measuring means receiving the discharge from the respective compartments, said measuring means being separately adjustable to vary the proportions of ingredients from them in a batch, and means sepcontrolling the discharge from said measuring means. i

21. The combination'with a bin divided arate from said bin-discharging means for into compartments, of a common gate con- 1 trolling the discharge from said compartments, measuring means receiving the discharge from the respective compartments separately adjustable to vary the amount drawn from each compartment, and means for concurrently dischargin said measuring means operable independent of said gate.

22. The combination with a bin divided 'into compartments, of horizontally moving into compartments, of a commondischarge gate having, separate openings for said com partments, and movable in the line of said openings to open and close, subj acent charge measuring containers receiving the d151- charge and adjustable in capacityindiependently oi one another, and means atthe bottoms of said containers for controlling their discharge.

24. The combination with individual material supply compartments, of discharge control means therefor having actuating mechanism f or concurrently discharging material from said compartments, subjacent charge? measuring. containers receiving the discharge and adjustable in capacity independently of one another, and means separate from the aforesaid discharge controlling means for controlling the discharge from said measuring containers. 7

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto aflixed our signatures. u

' HERMAN I): PALMER;

JOHN W. 'BRHEL. 

